Gentrification & Housing — Data Project

When a
Neighborhood
Changes,
Who Pays?

This project investigates the demographic and income patterns driving urban displacement across a study population of 9.75 million — exposing the fault lines between who benefits from neighborhood change and who cannot afford to stay.

"Gentrification is not random. It follows the predictable geography of concentrated wealth, moving into neighborhoods where longtime residents cannot compete on income alone." cite

Lees, L., Slater, T., & Wyly, E. (2008). Gentrification. Routledge. Foundational framework for understanding displacement as a structural, not incidental, outcome of neighborhood reinvestment.
— Urban Change Lab · 2024

South Gate–East LA is over 95% Hispanic — the most racially concentrated working-class district in our dataset. Rent here has risen significantly since 2016. cite

U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (2016–2024). Database: ddelgatt_LA_neighborhoods, table: demographic and medianRent. SELECT CCD, hispanic_total/total_pop, median_rent FROM demographic JOIN medianRent ON CCD_id WHERE year IN (2016,2024).

Nonfamily households — the most rent-burdened group — spend an estimated 43% of income on rent, 13 points above HUD's cost-burden threshold. cite

Calculated from ACS income data: nonfamily median income $61,622 ÷ annual rent ($2,200/mo × 12 = $26,400) = 42.8%. HUD defines cost-burden as >30% of income on housing. Source: HUD Worst Case Housing Needs Report 2023.
9.75M
Total Population
Study area
Districts
8 CCDs
LA County
Highest Rent
2024 median
Income Gap
Highest vs lowest district
Hispanic residents in South Gate–East LA
The highest Hispanic share of any district — over 95% of its total population, making it the most concentrated working-class Latino community in the dataset.
Monthly rent gap: highest vs lowest district
The dollar difference in median monthly rent between the most and least expensive districts in 2024 — two communities, one housing market.
Rent growth 2016→2024, highest district
Even the lowest-income districts saw rent rise faster than incomes over this period — the core displacement mechanism.
About This Project

Understanding Urban Displacement Through Data

Gentrification reshapes cities neighborhood by neighborhood — changing who can afford to live where, and who gets left behind. This project draws on U.S. Census ACS data to quantify the demographic and income patterns that drive urban displacement across LA County's 8 Community College Districts.

By examining racial composition alongside income and rent data, we can see how structural economic inequality maps directly onto housing pressure — and who, ultimately, pays the price of change.

Use the navigation above to explore the raw data, read the interactive narrative, and view our summary visualizations.

"The data doesn't lie: neighborhoods with the highest concentration of working-class renters and income inequality are the most vulnerable to rapid, irreversible change." — Urban Change Lab · Research Summary · 2024
Annual income gap between highest and lowest district median, 2024
Live Data — 3 Tables
Core Data Sets

All figures pulled live from the ddelgatt_LA_neighborhoods MySQL database across three tables: demographic, income, and medianRent.

Table 1 · demographic

Race & Ethnicity by District

Population composition across all 8 LA County CCDs. Filter by year using the pills below.

Loading from database
Table 2 · income

Household Income by District, 2024

Median and mean household income per district, sorted highest to lowest.

Loading from database
Table 3 · medianRent

Median Rent by District — Selected Years

Median gross rent by district and year. Click any column header to sort.

Loading from database

LA County · 8 Community College Districts · 2015–2024

Every year,
someone gets
pushed out.

This is a story told entirely through live, real data.

Total residents · 8 districts · 2024
$2,402
Highest median rent · Santa Monica · 2024
$1,551
Lowest median rent · South Gate · 2024
$53,839
Income gap · Pasadena vs South Gate · 2024
Scroll to begin
02 Who Lives Here — LA County Age Distribution · ACS 2020–2024

28.8% of LA County
is in their peak renting years.

The 25–44 age cohort — roughly 2.9 million people — represents the group most exposed to rental market pressure. Source: ACS Table B01001, Los Angeles County.

Age distribution · LA County · ACS 2020–2024 · Table B01001

← Male  |  Female →  |  Red = peak renter ages

Cohort Spotlight Ages 25–34
14.9%
of LA County population · ACS 2020–2024, Table B01001
The largest single adult cohort in the county. These residents are renters by necessity the data shows every district they live in saw rent climb over 47% since 2016.

Ages 35–44 add another 13.9% → combined peak renter cohort: 28.8%
03 The Gap- 2024

Two districts.
One county.
A $53,839 divide.

Pasadena (CCD 5) and South Gate–East LA (CCD 8) sit in the same county but exist in entirely different economies. The gap grew by $10,723 since 2016.

South Gate–East LA · CCD 8 · 95.3% Hispanic
$66,711
Median household income · 2024 · 37.9% earn under $50k/yr
Under $25k
16.8%
$25k–$50k
21.1%
Over $100k
30.0%
Pasadena · CCD 5 · 26.7% Hispanic
$120,550
Median household income · 2024 · 57.5% earn over $100k/yr
Under $25k
11.3%
$25k–$50k
10.4%
Over $100k
57.5%
Income Gap · Pasadena vs South Gate $0 Was $43,116 in 2016 — gap grew by $10,723 over 8 years
04 Rent Growth 2016→2024 ·

Every district saw
rent climb over 47%.

Real numbers. Long Beach–Lakewood led at +61.5%. South Gate, the most affordable district, still rose +50.9%.

South Gate context: Income grew +68.0% ($39,707→$66,711) vs rent +50.9% ($1,028→$1,551). But the 37.9% earning under $50k didn't share equally in that income growth — for them rent consumed a rising share of income.
South Gate–East LA · CCD 8 · Rent Burden · 2024
0%
of median household income spent on median rent · South Gate 2024
South Gate
27.9% · $66,711 income
Pasadena
22.8% · $120,550 income
← $1,551/mo South Gate median rent vs $2,294/mo Pasadena
Households earning $35k–$50k · South Gate · 12.4% of district
43–53%
of income spent on rent
06 Scenario Modeler — What Would Change?

What would it take
to close the gap?

Drag to model how policy interventions would affect the gap between South Gate and Pasadena.

Adjust the scenario (modeled estimates)

Pasadena median income $120,550
South Gate median income $66,711
Gap (2024 real: $53,839)
$53,839

Preset scenarios (modeled estimates)

Minimum wage increase to $25/hr
South Gate median → ~$78k · Gap → ~$43k · Modeled estimate
Rent stabilization policy
Effective income relief equivalent · Gap → ~$49k · Modeled estimate
2024 baseline — real data
Gap = $53,839
The data is clear.
The question is what we do with it.
28.8% of LA County residents are in peak renter age brackets (25–44) — roughly 2.9 million people facing rising rents across all 8 districts. [ACS B01001, 2020–2024]
The income gap between Pasadena and South Gate grew from $43,116 in 2016 to $53,839 in 2024 — a $10,723 increase in inequality over 8 years.
37.9% of South Gate households earn under $50,000/year — placing them at or above HUD's 30% cost-burden threshold on the district's $1,551/month median rent.
Data: ddelgatt_LA_neighborhoods (income, medianRent, demographic) · ACS Table B01001 · HUD Worst Case Housing Needs Report 2023
Visual Analysis — Live Charts
Summary Findings

Seven charts built from live database data — demographics, income, and rent across all 8 LA County CCDs.

Visualization 1 · demographic table

Race & Ethnicity by District

Each bar is one district. Segments show Hispanic/Latino, NH White, NH Black, NH Asian, and other populations. Hover for counts. Filter by year below.

Visualization 2 · demographic table

District Composition — Select a District

Pick a district and year to see its racial breakdown as a donut.

Visualization 3 · demographic table

Hispanic Population by District

Total Hispanic/Latino residents per district. Hover for exact count and % of total.

Visualization 4 · income table

Median Income by District, 2015–2024

Click district buttons to show/hide lines. Hover for exact median income per year.

Visualization 5 · medianRent table

Median Rent Over Time, All Districts

Click district buttons to toggle lines. Hover for exact rent values.

Visualization 6 · medianRent table

% Rent Increase 2016→2024

Which districts saw the biggest rent growth? Hover bars for exact % change.

Visualization 7 · medianRent table

Rent by Bedroom Size — Pick a District & Year

How much does bedroom count cost you? Pick any district and year to see how rent scales from studio to 5+ bedrooms.

District
Year
Select a district above.
Further Reading
Resources & Citations

External research, policy reports, and data sources that support and complicate this project's findings on gentrification and urban displacement in Los Angeles.

Primary Data Sources
Primary Source · Dataset
California — Education & Demographics
U.S. Census Bureau · data.census.gov
The primary source for all demographic and income data used in this project. ACS 5-Year Estimates provide statistically reliable community-level data covering income distribution, racial composition, age, and housing costs across LA County's 8 CCDs.
U.S. Census Bureau. California – Education. data.census.gov, n.d.
data.census.gov →
Interactive Map · GIS Data
Los Angeles — Gentrification and Displacement
Urban Displacement Project
An interactive map tracking gentrification typologies and displacement pressure across LA neighborhoods. Used to cross-reference this project's district-level findings against established displacement risk classifications for South Gate–East LA and other CCDs.
Urban Displacement Project. Los Angeles – Gentrification and Displacement. urbandisplacement.org, n.d.
urbandisplacement.org →
Journalism & Community Reporting
Community Journalism
The Gentrification of South Central Los Angeles
Space on Space
Documents the lived experience of gentrification in South Central LA — rising rents, shifting demographics, and the displacement of longtime Latino residents. Provides qualitative grounding for this project's quantitative findings on South Gate–East LA (CCD 8).
"The Gentrification of South Central Los Angeles." Space on Space, n.d.
spaceonspace.com →
Urban Policy Journalism
Los Angeles Gentrification and Venice Beach's Tech Industry
Next City
Examines how the tech industry's expansion into Venice Beach accelerated gentrification and displacement in surrounding neighborhoods. Connects economic investment patterns to rising rents — directly relevant to the rent growth data in this project's medianRent table.
"Los Angeles Gentrification and Venice Beach's Tech Industry." Next City, n.d.
nextcity.org →
Academic & Research
ArcGIS StoryMap · Peer Research
Gentrification & Displacement — Los Angeles
Christella Macias et al.
A data-driven StoryMap analyzing gentrification patterns across LA using census and housing data. Maps displacement risk by neighborhood, with findings that parallel this project's identification of South Gate–East LA as one of the county's most vulnerable districts.
Macias, Christella, et al. Gentrification & Displacement – Los Angeles. ArcGIS StoryMaps, 22 Feb. 2024.
arcgis.com →
Academic Paper · Theory
Gentrification
Xinyue Zhou & Xue Bai · Barry Waite, 2021
Provides the theoretical framework defining gentrification as a process of class-based neighborhood transformation. Used to ground this project's analysis in established academic definitions and to distinguish between neighborhood investment and displacement as distinct but linked phenomena.
Zhou, Xinyue, and Xue Bai. Gentrification. Barry Waite, 2021.
barrywaite.org →